瘧原蟲 (Plasmodium parasites) 具有相當複雜的生活史,它們在人體行無性生殖,當雌性瘧蚊(anopheline mosquitoes)經由吸人血而被瘧原蟲感染時,瘧原蟲開始在瘧蚊體內行有性生殖,然而,目前對於蚊子體內的瘧原蟲由無性生殖轉為有性生殖,產生配子體(gametocyte)的機轉仍然不清楚。
科學家Kafsack et al.與Sinha等人研究人類瘧原蟲,惡性瘧(P. falciparum)與嚙齒類瘧原蟲 P. berghei 的基因後,發現它們分別具有 apicomplexan AP2(ApiAP2)家族 DNA‑binding proteins 的轉錄因子 pfap2‑g 與 pbap2‑g,pfap2‑g 與 pbap2‑g 能辨識瘧原蟲基因上特殊的修飾位,轉錄、轉譯出 AP2‑G 蛋白,促使瘧原蟲開始進行有性生殖,產生配子體(gametocytogenesis)。
參考文獻
- Kafsack, B. F., Rovira-Graells, N., Clark, T. G., Bancells, C., Crowley, V. M., Campino, S. G., … & Cortés, A. (2014). A transcriptional switch underlies commitment to sexual development in malaria parasites. Nature, 507(7491), 248.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12920 - Sinha, A., Hughes, K. R., Modrzynska, K. K., Otto, T. D., Pfander, C., Dickens, N. J., … & Kafsack, B. F. (2014). A cascade of DNA-binding proteins for sexual commitment and development in Plasmodium. Nature, 507(7491), 253.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12970 - Kåhrström, C. T. (2014). Parasite development: Master regulator of sex. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 12(4), 233.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3242
圖片來源
- Kafsack, B. F., Rovira-Graells, N., Clark, T. G., Bancells, C., Crowley, V. M., Campino, S. G., … & Cortés, A. (2014). A transcriptional switch underlies commitment to sexual development in malaria parasites. Nature, 507(7491), 248.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12920